Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2013 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 4 Articles
Some vegetable oils were hydrogenated with scrap automobile catalyst (SAC) as a catalyst. The optimum reaction conditions (solvent, reaction time, and catalyst amount) were determined. Our results showed that the linoleic acid was reduced to elaidic acid in the sunflower oil. This procedure not only gives high yields but also allows recycling of automobile wastes as a catalyst in organic reactions and is representative of green chemistry....
In order to predict the interior noise of the automobile in the low and middle frequency band in\r\nthe design and development stage, the hybrid FE-SEA model of an automobile was created using\r\nhybrid FE-SEA method. The modal density was calculated using analytical method and finite\r\nelement method; the damping loss factors of the structural and acoustic cavity subsystems were\r\nalso calculated with analytical method; the coupling loss factors between structure and structure,\r\nstructure and acoustic cavity were both calculated. Four different kinds of excitations including\r\nroad excitations, engine mount excitations, sound radiation excitations of the engine, and wind\r\nexcitations are exerted on the body of automobile when the automobile is running on the road. All\r\nthe excitations were calculated using virtual prototype technology, computational fluid dynamics\r\nCFD, and experiments realized in the design and development stage. The interior noise of the\r\nautomobile was predicted and verified at speed of 120 km/h. The predicted and tested overall\r\nSPLs of the interior noise were 73.79 and 74.44 dBA respectively. The comparison results also\r\nshow that the prediction precision is satisfied, and the effectiveness and reliability of the hybrid\r\nFE-SEA model of the automobile is verified....
The main aim of this paper is to study the potential impacts in hybrid and full electrical vehicles performance\r\nby utilising continuously variable transmissions. This is achieved by two stages. First, for Electrical Vehicles (EVs),\r\nmodelling and analysing the powertrain of a generic electric vehicle is developed using Matlab/Simulink-QSS Toolkit,\r\nwith and without a transmission system of varying levels of complexity. Predicted results are compared for a typical\r\nelectrical vehicle in three cases: without a gearbox, with a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT), and with a\r\nconventional stepped gearbox. Second, for Hybrid Electrical Vehicles (HEVs), a twin epicyclic power split transmission\r\nmodel is used. Computer programmes for the analysis of epicyclic transmission based on a matrix method are\r\ndeveloped and used. Two vehicle models are built-up; namely: traditional ICE vehicle, and HEV with a twin epicyclic\r\ngearbox. Predictions for both stages are made over the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).The simulations show\r\nthat the twin epicyclic offers substantial improvements of reduction in energy consumption in HEVs. The results also\r\nshow that it is possible to improve overall performance and energy consumption levels using a continuously variable\r\nratio gearbox in EVs....
This paper describes a rheo-forming process for the development of automobile components, such as knuckle, by using rheology\r\nmaterial with electromagnetic stirring (EMS) system equipment. The effects of several process and metallurgy parameters such as\r\nstirring current, stirring time, pouring temperature, forming pressure, tip velocity, fraction of primary phase, and its morphology\r\nand distribution, on the final products are reviewed and discussed. A variety of simulation studies are conducted. In addition, the\r\neffect of the vacuum-assisted method on the performance of rheo-forged products is introduced. The EMS is an effective process\r\nto improve a feed stock in the rheo-forming process with improved mechanical properties....
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